Site Name: Dundon hillfort, Compton Dundon
Scheduled Monument: Compton Dundon hillfort with Dundon Beacon, east of Dundon [No:22076]
Civil Parish: Compton Dundon
Grid Ref: ST 485 322 (ST 43 SE)

Univallate hillfort. On the NW the bank has disappeared and there is only a scarp. Entrance was in the middle of the E side but has been much altered and destroyed by quarrying. {1}

Several flint flakes, a core and scrapers, also a few pieces of BA pottery were found on the surface within the camp in 1916. {4}

The interior rises gently towards the S. Defences consist of a slight bank running along the edge of the plateau with a pronounced terrace about 6m down the slope, perhaps a silted up ditch with counterscarp. Entrance gaps are present in two places on the E side, the N one being altered by quarrying and probably not original. The approach on this side is very steep and it seems probable that the entrance was on the W side. {6}

Old quarry in S part opened briefly in 1970s to provide building stone. {7}

There are also miscellaneous earthworks at ST48253230, 50m to the NW, which may be outworks. {9}

A slight univallate hillfort occupying the top of a hill. Defences vary from a scarp to a 2m high bank with outer terrace, but on average consist of a bank 0.4 - 1.0m high, atop a scarp in places. Earthworks have been affected in places by C19 hedge banks and by quarrying. Entrance uncertain - probably on E but obscured by quarrying. Outer scarps in places mainly under dense vegetation and not reachable. The slightness of the earthworks suggest the possibility of a date earlier than the Iron Age. Dundon Beacon (PRN 53759) on the SE corner of the fort is a mound atop the scarp, ditched through the rampart on its N suggesting it is of later date. It is possible that this is a Norman motte. The stretch of the hillfort immediately N of this is heightened to a 2m high bank apparently raised from a 6m wide terrace below, and this may represent a Norman reworking of defences with the intention of creating a motte and bailey castle. {11}

The rampart consists of a single earthwork bank, varying in height between 0.5 and 2.5m, forming an irregular enclosure. Below the rampart the hillside is very steep, forming a natural defence and there is no signe of a ditch. Neither of the two abreaches of the rampart are likely to have been the original entrance which presumeably lay on the eastern side and has been destroyed by quarrying. The quarries appear on the 1886 OS map as of similar extent as today. The last recorded use was in 1925. {12}

Scheduling revised with new national number (was Somerset 339) on 23 Dec 1996. {15}

The excavation for a water pipeline in 1997 through the rampart where it had been severely eroded on the NW side by a track showed that the first defences had consisted of a timber laced stone rampart that was subsequently burnt. A later phase of clay rampart overlay this and there was a possble pre rampart phase of worn cobbles. Small sherds of iron age pottery were recoverd from the stone phase. The pipe trench was monitored where it might have cut an external ditch but nothing was seen next to the rampart. {16}

The S part has recently been cleared of coniferous trees and is beginning to regrow. It is intended to establish a calcareous grass cover grazed by sheep. A number of deciduous trees have been left but one has already blown over. To the N old grassland is being maintained with occasional trees. One has blown over revealing the rubble core of the rampart. {17}

Much as described in 1998. The ramparts remain stable under woodland and the interior is grazed by a small flock of sheep. Mowing of thistles and nettles contiues to improve the grassland. {18}

References:
1 Description - Victoria County History of Somerset 1911 vol 2, 490-1
2 Sketch plan - Victoria County History of Somerset 1911 vol 2, 491
3 Detailed records - Ordnance Survey Archaeology Division 1967 ST43SE15 (SCC Planning Department)
4 Mention - Proceedings of the Somerset Archaeological and Natural History Society 1916 vol 62, lx
5 Finds stored - Somerset County Museum
6 Description - BAR 91 Burrow, I 1981 "Hillfort and Hilltop Settlement...", 214
7 Mention - Burrow, E.J 1924 Earthworks and Camps of Somerset", 84
8 Detailed records - HBMC Field Monument Wardens report
9 Mention - SCC Planning Department Claylands AP Survey, ST4832
10 Aerial photographs - HSL.UK.71-220 Run 49, 1923 November 1971 in Somerset Studies Library
11 Detailed records - English Heritage Monuments Protection Programme fieldwork, Preece A, 1993
12 Survey report - Hollinrake, N and C 1992
13 Survey report - RCHME 1994 in HER files
14 Measured plan - RCHME 1994 in HER files HBC.5.31.2-4
15 Correspondence - English Heritage to Somerset County Council (13.3.1997) in HER files
16 Excavation report - Hollinrake, C and N 'Dundon Hillfort' unpubl interim report (1997) in HER files
17 Detailed records - Field Monument Warden's report (14.7.1998) in HER files
18 Site visit report - Graham, A. EH Field Monument Warden (26/6/2000) report in HER files
19 Mention - Newman, P in Webster, CJ and Croft, RA "Somerset Archaeology 1994" Proceedings of the Somerset Archaeological and Natural History Society 138 (1995), 172

Data kindly supplied by the Somerset Historic Environment Record.
Record created on 06 December 2001
© Copyright Somerset County Council 2007

Recommended books on hill forts;
Danebury Hillfort ~ Barry Cunliffe
Hillforts of England and Wales ~ James Dyer
Cadbury Castle - The Hillfort and Landscapes ~ Richard Tabor
The Wessex Hillfort Project ~ Andrew Payne, Mark Corney and Barry Cunliffe
Hillforts: Prehistoric Strongholds of Northumberland National Park ~ Stewart Ainsworth and Trevor Pearson
Celtic Fortifications ~ Ian Ralston